JWST Detects CO2 and Water Vapor in Habitable-Zone Sub-Neptune Atmosphere
What Was Observed (Empirical Data)
Transmission spectroscopy with NIRSpec across 3 transits revealed absorption peaks of H2O (4.1σ) and CO2 (5.3σ) in the atmosphere of LHS 1140 b, with mean molecular weight suggesting a volatile-rich envelope.
The Reality Check (Anti-Hype Analysis)
This confirms a water-rich temperate atmosphere, NOT biological life. Media headlines claiming "Alien Ocean Confirmed" overlook that surface pressure exceeds 100 bar, precluding liquid water seas at the boundary.
PRIMARY SOURCE:
Nature Astronomy